COMPETENCIA : TRABAJO EN CANAIMA.
to be going to.
✔ I-Am
✔ You-Are
✔ He-Is
✔ She-Is
✔ It-Is
✔ We-Are
✔ You-Are
✔ They-Are
Ejemplo.
✔ I am going to have lunch.
✔ Carol is going to watch a
film.
✔ Willian is going to write
a notebook.
✔ Mary is going to work in
the school.
Formas negativas.
✔ Is not-isn't.
✔ Are not-aren't.
✔ Am not- am not.
Contracción.
Going to: gonna (solo para hablar).
Mary is going to work in the school.
¿Is Mary
going to work in the school?
Yes,she
going to work in the school.
No, she is
not going to work in the school.
Ejercicio.
✔ The boys are going to
play baseball
¿The are boys going to play baseball?
Yes, The are boys going to play baseball.
Not, the aren't not boys going to play baseball.
✔ The girls are going to
study this afternoon
¿The are
going to study this afternoon?
Yes, The girls are going to study this afternoon.
Not, the aren't not going to study this
afternoon.
✔ You are going to prepare the dinner toninght,
Yes,You are going to prepare the dinner toninght.
Not, you aren't not going to prepare the dinner toninght.
Futuro con will.
✔ Will (will not: won/t)
Ejercicio.
✔ The girls will go to the
movies tonight.
Will they will
go to the movies tonight.
Yes,they will
go to the movies tonight.
Not, they will not won't go to the movies
tonight.
✔ Yenifer won't study civil
enginnering.
won/t study civil enginnering.
Yes, she will study civil enginnering.
Not, shewon't study civil enginnering.
✔ Marc and jean will sing
in the concert.
Will they sing in the concert.
Yes, they will sing in the concert.
Not, they will not won't sing in the concert.
✔ Deivis will approve
english this semester
will he approve english this semester.
Yes, he will approve english this semester.
Not, he will not won/t approve english this
semester.
✔ Erlinda will cook chiken
for dinner.
Will she cook chiken for dinner.
Yes, she will cook chiken for dinner.
Not,she will not won't cook chiken for dinner.
✔ Balza will speack less
with hi friensd in class.
Will he will speack less with friensd in class.
Yes, he will speack less with friensd in class.
Not,he will not won't speack less with friensd in
class.
I, We : sha (should)
Ejemplo.
✔ I shall wake up carlies
in the morning
✔ We shall study harder.
✔ I shall practice baseball
in the night.
✔ We shall go to the church
frequentty.
Ejercicio.
✔ I shall study this
afternoon.
✔ I shall play foobalt.
✔ I shall work in the
school.
✔ I shall studen the geography
curse.
✔ I shall am eating chiken.
✔ We shall practice english
in the morning.
✔ We shall go to play
soccer
Uso del will (the use of
“will”).
If we try
to do something, we can estimate how long the activity might take, we might
say, for example.
✔ Whe you get home,we will have arrived.
✔ Will you have prepared it
by lunch-time?
✔ Won/t ypu have finished
this before midninght?
✔ Before dinner-time I will
have done my homework?
✔ I hope she will have
returned by the end of this week.
✔ I'll have answered all
the questions in a couple of hours.
✔ If they do not hurry up,
nobody will have finishe by seven.
We can
use not only to indicate an action in the coming future, but
also to ask somebody to do someting. In this case we can use will or would.
Will
you close the door, please? -oh.
Sure!
Come
to my party toningh? -certainly.
Would you
mind to come to my class on time?
Will is
also useful to express a wish or a promise
Who
wants to open door? -
I will, sir.
Does
anybody want to help Me? -I
will, madam.
How can
I be sure whether you w or not.
-Don't
worry. I will
will you
tell the truth and nothing else?
–
Yes, I will.
Reported speech
verbal changes.
It is
very important, as you should know, to memorize the verbs to handle properly
the different changes is the reported speech. In a few words we can say that:
✔ If the verbs is in present tense, you use past
tense.
Ing form and present perfect tense are inclueded
tense.
Am- is-
are: was- were.
Have-
has: had.
Go- goes:
went.
Hit-
hits: hit.
Example.
Peter
said “nobody comes because it is raining”
Peter
said that “nobody comes because it is raining”
Nelly
said, “He has observed that they like ice-cream”.
She
said (that) he had observe that they like ice-cream.
✔ If the verbs is in past
tense,you use past perfect tense.
Was- were:
had been.
Had :had had.
Went :had gone.
Ejemplo.
“Betty
had a terrible headache”, frank said.
He
said she had had a terrible headache.
Keren
said, “The dog barked and the cat ran away”.
She
said The dog barked and the cat had run away.
✔ In front of a setence in conditional or future
tense, you use conditional tense.
Will-
shall: would.
Would :would.
Example.
Tony said,
“They will be at home at ten o clock”.
He said
that they would be at home at ten o clock.
Mrs. Pérez
said, “Larry would like to have a new car”
She said
Larry Larry would like to have a new car.
Let's see some other important verbal changes.
✔ If the direct speech is an order, prohition or
exclamation, “ordered” or “exclaimed” is used instead of “said” and the verbs
is expressed in infinitivy.
Example.
Mr.
Black said angrily, “come back soon”.
He
ordered angrily to come back soon.
“Don't
move”, the photographer said.
(He)
(She) ordered not to move.
✔ In the case of a
question, “asked” is used instead of “said” and the interrogative form changes
according to the verbal tense.
Example.
Norka
said, “what time is it?”
She asked
what time it was.
Observe:
To report some question the word IF is necessary.
Nerio said
“Do they study English?”
He asked
if they studied English.
“Did he
mail the letter?”, Carmen said.
She
asked if he had mailed the letter.
Now, write the indirect
speech.
✔ “It rained for five hours”, my sister said.
✔ Doris said, “has he ever
been to houston?”
✔ Mr. allen said, “why did
she say such a thing?”
✔ Mrs. Rosale, “Did they
understand?”
Reported Speech (Remember the verbal
changes)
Observe the person or persons
who are speaking. Let's complete this chart. (review)
Step #1
(Peter) says, I:He; My: his;
me: him; mine: his; myself: himself.
Mr. Wilson (says), “my kids make me mad when
they cry”.
He said (that) his kids made him mad when
they cried.
George, “She likes her can a i like mine”. He
said...
“I did it by myself”, José said.
Step #2
(Fanny) says: I she; my __; me
__; mine __; myself__.
Carmen, “Ibrought my camera
with me”.
Betty, “I came by myself an
the saw me driving”. She said...
Step #3
We ther; our __; us __;
ours__; ourselves ___
The pupils, “our task is not
ready because he hated us”.
Parent, “We love kids because
ours are very special with us”.
OBSERVE
Step #4
This: That; These: Those;
Here: There.
John: “There is no room for
doing my homework here”.
Nancy: “I live happy here in
this house”.
My Friends: “These days are
very difficult for us here”.
OBSERVE THE CHANGE OF TIME EXPRESSIONS
Step #5
Now: Then; Tomorrow: The
following day; Yesterday: The day before; After tomorrow: Two days after; Next
week: The following week; Last week: The week before
TRY TO REPORT
Frank: “I'm sorr, I have to go
home now”.
The Gómez, “We cannot insist
now because we did it yesterday”.
Henry, “She will be better
tomorrow than before yesterday”.
Carla, “I came last week but
i'll go back next week”.
Juan, “I'm out of money and my
car is out of order”.
Nancy, “I went to the library
with my brother”.
WRITE THE REPORTED SPEECH
1.
The abreu said,
“This house is to small for us”.
2.
Peter said, “I
don't like these toys because they are broken”.
3.
The teacher said, “Don't touch the papers that i have here”.
